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download PDF document: nghook.8.pdf

NGHOOK(8) FreeBSD System Manager's Manual NGHOOK(8)
NAME nghook - connect to a netgraph(4) node
SYNOPSIS nghook [-adlnSs] [-m msg] path [hookname] nghook -e [-n] [-m msg] path hookname program [args ...]
DESCRIPTION The nghook utility creates a ng_socket(4) socket type node and connects it to hook hookname of the node found at path. If hookname is omitted, "debug" is assumed.
If the -e option is given, the third argument is interpreted as the path to a program, and this program is executed with the remaining arguments as its arguments. Before executing, the program Netgraph messages (specified by the -m option) are sent to the node. The program is executed with its standard input (unless closed by -n) and output connected to the hook.
If the -e option is not given, all data written to standard input is sent to the node, and all data received from the node is relayed to standard output. Messages specified with -m are sent to the node before the loop is entered. The nghook utility exits when EOF is detected on standard input in this case.
The options are as follows:
-a Output each packet read in human-readable decoded ASCII form instead of raw binary.
-d Increase the debugging verbosity level.
-e Execute the program specified by the third argument.
-l Loops all received data back to the hook in addition to writing it to standard output.
-m msg Before executing the program (in -e mode) send the given ASCII control message to the node. This option may be given more than once.
-n Do not attempt to read any data from standard input. The nghook utility will continue reading from the node until stopped by a signal.
-S Use file descriptor 0 for output instead of the default 1.
-s Use file descriptor 1 for input instead of the default 0.
SEE ALSO netgraph(3), netgraph(4), ngctl(8)
HISTORY The netgraph system was designed and first implemented at Whistle Communications, Inc. in a version of FreeBSD 2.2 customized for the Whistle InterJet.
If the node sends a response to a message (specified by -m), this response is lost.
FreeBSD 14.0-RELEASE-p11 October 24, 2003 FreeBSD 14.0-RELEASE-p11